# ERC-4337 Account Abstraction: UserOps and Paymasters > ERC-4337 account abstraction by chain: UserOperations per day, new smart accounts, active bundlers and the gas paymasters sponsor, read from EntryPoint logs. Markdown copy of https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/erc-4337-account-abstraction **Question:** How many ERC-4337 UserOperations run each day on each chain, and how much of their gas do paymasters sponsor? - Kind: Dashboard in Voltfin Vantage - Topic: [Ethereum](https://voltfincrypto.com/topics/ethereum) - Chains: Ethereum, Base, Arbitrum, OP Mainnet, Polygon, BNB Chain, Linea - Status: Planned. The data is not published yet, so this page states no figure; each figure will open its receipt when it is. ERC-4337 lets a smart contract act as a wallet without any change to Ethereum itself. Users sign UserOperations and bundlers pack them into ordinary transactions to a shared EntryPoint contract. A paymaster can pay the gas, so the user never needs to hold ETH. This dashboard counts that activity on each chain from the EntryPoint's own logs. Use it to see where smart accounts are actually used, how much of their gas is sponsored, which bundlers carry the traffic and how quickly accounts move to newer EntryPoint versions. It sits beside the EIP-7702 page, which covers ordinary addresses that delegate to smart-account code; a delegated address that sends UserOperations appears on both. ## Blueprint ### Overview UserOperations, new accounts and sponsorship across chains. - **UserOperations, latest day** (operations): UserOperationEvent logs on the selected chains in the latest complete UTC day. - **New smart accounts, latest day** (accounts): AccountDeployed logs on the selected chains in the latest complete UTC day. - **Gas sponsored by paymasters** (%): The share of actualGasCost paid by a paymaster rather than by the account itself, over the period. - **Failed operations** (%): The share of UserOperations whose success flag is false; a failed operation still pays for its gas. - **UserOperations by chain** (operations): Daily UserOperations on each covered chain over the period, stacked so the total and each chain's part show together. ### Bundlers and paymasters Who sends UserOperations, who pays for them and which EntryPoints they use. - **Active bundlers** (addresses): Addresses that sent at least one handleOps transaction to an EntryPoint in the period. - **Active paymasters** (contracts): Paymaster contracts that sponsored at least one UserOperation in the period. - **Operations by EntryPoint version** (%): Each day's UserOperations split by the EntryPoint version they went through, to show migration between versions. - **Bundlers ranked**: Each bundler with the operations it sent, its share, the gas it paid for handleOps and what it collected back. - **Paymasters ranked**: Each paymaster with the operations it sponsored, the gas cost it paid in USD and the app it serves where labelled. Filters: Chain (Every covered chain, or all of them together); Period (Last 7, 30 or 90 days). ## How it will be measured - UserOperations are counted from the UserOperationEvent logs of each EntryPoint version on each chain, with the success flag and actualGasCost of every operation. - New smart accounts come from AccountDeployed logs, which name the factory that deployed each account and the paymaster that sponsored its deployment. - An operation is sponsored when its paymaster field is not the zero address; the sponsored share is measured both in operations and in gas cost paid. - Bundlers are the senders of handleOps transactions to the EntryPoint; the gas each one paid is compared with the actualGasCost it collected, to give its margin. ## Data it needs - `account_abstraction_daily` (to build): ERC-4337 UserOperations, bundlers and paymasters, and EIP-7702 delegations per chain per day. - `native_prices_daily` (to build): Reference prices of major assets read from on-chain oracle feeds (Chainlink latestRoundData) at each day's last block, with each round's update time. - `address_labels` (to build): Labels for known addresses: exchanges, bridges, protocols, funds, treasuries, sanctioned addresses and known attackers. - Source: UserOperationEvent logs from each EntryPoint version on every covered chain - Source: AccountDeployed logs, with the factory and paymaster of each new account - Source: handleOps transactions to the EntryPoint: sender, gas used and effective gas price - Source: Chainlink ETH/USD and native token feeds at day-end blocks for USD values ## Questions ### What is ERC-4337? An account abstraction standard that works without a protocol change. Smart accounts sign UserOperations, which bundlers submit through a shared EntryPoint contract. It makes gas sponsorship, batched calls, passkey signing and recovery rules possible in the account's own code. ### What is a paymaster? A contract that agrees to pay the gas for a UserOperation, often for an app that wants its users to transact without holding ETH, or one that accepts a stablecoin instead. The EntryPoint charges the paymaster's deposit for the gas the operation used. ### What does a bundler do? A bundler collects UserOperations from a separate mempool, simulates them and sends a batch in one handleOps transaction to the EntryPoint. It pays that transaction's gas and is repaid by the accounts or their paymasters, so its margin is the difference. ### How is ERC-4337 different from EIP-7702? ERC-4337 accounts are contract accounts with addresses of their own. EIP-7702, live since the Pectra upgrade, lets an existing address delegate to contract code. The two combine: a delegated address can send UserOperations through an EntryPoint version that supports it. ### Why are there several EntryPoint versions? Each version is a separate contract at its own address, and accounts are built for one of them. Newer versions change gas accounting and signature handling, and later ones support EIP-7702 accounts, so older accounts keep using older EntryPoints until they migrate. ## Glossary - **UserOperation**: A signed request from a smart account carrying the call to make, gas limits and optional paymaster data, executed through the EntryPoint. - **EntryPoint**: The shared contract that verifies and executes UserOperations and settles gas between accounts, paymasters and bundlers. - **Smart account**: A wallet whose rules live in contract code: who can sign, spending limits, batching and recovery. ## Related apps - [EIP-7702 Adoption: Delegated EOAs and Top Contracts](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eip-7702-adoption) - [Safe Multisig Checker: Owners, Threshold and Modules](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/safe-multisig-checker) - [Ethereum Daily Transactions and Active Addresses](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-daily-transactions) - [Base Chain Stats: Transactions, Users and Fees](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/base-chain-stats) - [Multicall3, Permit2 and EntryPoint Addresses by Chain](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/multicall3-permit2-entrypoint-addresses) - [Ethereum Gas Tracker](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-gas-tracker) Build it in Voltfin Studio: https://app.voltfincrypto.com/signup?next=%2F