# ETH Rich List: Top Ethereum Addresses by Balance

> ETH rich list: the top ETH holders by balance, labelled exchange, staking, bridge, fund or unlabelled, with address type, share of supply and 30-day change.

Markdown copy of https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-rich-list

**Question:** Which Ethereum addresses hold the most ETH right now?

- Kind: Table in Voltfin Strata
- Topic: [Wallets and whales](https://voltfincrypto.com/topics/wallets)
- Chains: Ethereum
- Status: Planned. The data is not published yet, so this page states no figure; each figure will open its receipt when it is.

This table ranks the Ethereum addresses that hold the most ETH, read with eth_getBalance at a pinned block. Each row says what kind of address it is (a plain account, a contract or a delegated smart account) and who it belongs to where a public source supports a label, so the list explains itself instead of showing bare addresses.

The largest balances rarely belong to individuals. The beacon chain deposit contract holds every ether ever deposited for staking; wrapped ether sits in the WETH contract; exchanges, bridges and funds hold coins on behalf of many people. Filter by category to separate them, and read the 30-day change to see which balances are moving.

## Blueprint

One row: One row per Ethereum address among the largest ETH balances, at the last block of the latest complete day

- **Rank** (`rank`): Position on the list by ETH balance at the pinned block.
- **Address** (`address`): The Ethereum address, linked to its receipt.
- **Label** (`label`): Who the address belongs to where a public source supports it, with that source; blank otherwise.
- **Category** (`category`): Exchange, staking, bridge, protocol, fund, wrapped ether, individual or unlabelled.
- **Type** (`address_type`): Plain account, contract or EIP-7702 delegated account, from the address's code.
- **Balance** (`balance`, ETH): ETH held at the pinned block, read with eth_getBalance and kept exact.
- **Share of supply** (`share_of_supply`): The balance as a share of total ETH supply at the same block.
- **30-day change** (`change_30d`, ETH): The change in balance against the same address thirty days earlier.
- **Last sent** (`last_sent`): The day the address last sent a transaction or, for a contract, last moved ETH out.
- **Receipt** (`receipt`): The block, hash and balance read behind the row.

## How it will be measured

- Balances are eth_getBalance for each candidate address at the last block of the day, converted from wei to ETH and kept exact.
- Candidates are every address whose balance, rebuilt from value transfers in traces, withdrawals and fee payments, could place it on the list, so no large holder is missed between pins.
- Address type comes from eth_getCode: no code means a plain account, the EIP-7702 delegation prefix marks a delegated account and any other code is a contract.
- Labels such as exchange, bridge, staking or fund come from public sources recorded with each label; an address with no supported label stays unlabelled.
- Share of supply divides each balance by total ETH supply at the same block.

## Data it needs

- `token_holders_snapshot` (to build): Holder counts, top holders and concentration shares of registry tokens at a pinned block, with contract and exchange labels.
- `address_labels` (to build): Labels for known addresses: exchanges, bridges, protocols, funds, treasuries, sanctioned addresses and known attackers.
- `eth_supply_daily` (to build): Daily ETH issued to validators, ETH burned through the EIP-1559 base fee, and the resulting net change in ETH supply.
- Source: eth_getBalance of candidate addresses at the last block of each UTC day
- Source: Native ETH value transfers from traces, beacon withdrawals and fee payments, to keep candidate balances current between pins
- Source: eth_getCode of each address, for its account, contract or delegated type
- Source: Curated labels for exchange, bridge, staking and protocol addresses, each with its public source

## Questions

### Who owns the most ETH?

The largest balances belong to contracts and institutions more than to individuals: the beacon chain deposit contract, the WETH contract, exchange wallets, bridges and funds. The table shows the order at the pinned block, with each address's label and its source.

### Why is the beacon deposit contract on the list?

Every validator deposit sends ETH to that contract, and the contract has no way to send it back out; withdrawals are paid by the consensus layer instead. Its balance therefore records all ETH ever deposited for staking, not ETH anyone can spend from it.

### Does one address mean one owner?

No. An exchange wallet holds coins for many customers; a fund can spread its holdings over many addresses; a contract can belong to a protocol. Labels say what is publicly known about each address; a large balance here is not a measure of who owns ether.

### How often is the ETH rich list updated?

Balances are pinned once a day at the day's last block, and each row's 30-day change compares the address with its own balance thirty days earlier.

### Can I find out who owns an unlabelled address?

Not from this table. An address is labelled only where a public source, such as an exchange's published reserve addresses or a protocol's documentation, supports it; unlabelled addresses stay unlabelled rather than guessed.

## Glossary

- **Beacon deposit contract**: The Ethereum contract that receives validator deposits. It holds all ETH ever deposited for staking and cannot send it back out.
- **EOA**: An externally owned account: an address controlled by a private key, with no contract code.
- **WETH**: Wrapped ether, an ERC-20 token backed one-to-one by ETH held in the WETH contract.

## Related apps

- [Bitcoin Rich List: Largest Addresses by Balance](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/bitcoin-rich-list)
- [Crypto Whale Transactions: Large Transfers Today](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/crypto-whale-transactions)
- [Total ETH Staked and Ethereum Staking Ratio](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/total-eth-staked)
- [Ethereum Treasury Companies: Corporate ETH Holdings](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-treasury-companies)
- [Wallet Balance Checker: Every EVM Chain in One View](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/wallet-balance-checker)
- [Crypto Address Checker: Flagged, Sanctioned or Hacked](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/crypto-address-checker)

Build it in Voltfin Studio: https://app.voltfincrypto.com/signup?next=%2F