# Lido Staking Tracker: stETH, Node Operators and Fees

> Lido staking tracker: ETH pooled behind stETH, daily oracle rewards, the fee Lido takes and its node operators by module and stVault, read on-chain.

Markdown copy of https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/lido-staking-tracker

**Question:** How much ETH does Lido stake, which node operators run it and what fee does Lido take?

- Kind: Dashboard in Voltfin Vantage
- Topic: [Staking and restaking](https://voltfincrypto.com/topics/staking)
- Chains: Ethereum
- Status: Planned. The data is not published yet, so this page states no figure; each figure will open its receipt when it is.

Lido stakes ETH for anyone who deposits it and issues stETH, a token whose balance grows each day as validator rewards arrive. This dashboard reads Lido's own contracts: the ETH pooled behind stETH, the node operators and staking modules that run its validators and the share of rewards Lido keeps as its fee.

stETH rebases once a day, when Lido's accounting oracle reports the validators' balances to the chain. Each report is a transaction that carries the rewards, the penalties and the fee, so the dashboard rebuilds Lido's yield and revenue from those reports rather than from an advertised rate. Since Lido V3, stVaults let stakers pick their own node operator and mint stETH against their vault; they are counted beside the main pool.

Use it to see how concentrated Lido's operator set is, how quickly newer modules such as Community Staking grow and what Lido earns. Withdrawals have their own dashboard. Every figure names the block and the call behind it.

## Blueprint

### Protocol

What Lido holds, what it paid holders and what it kept, report by report.

- **ETH pooled in Lido** (ETH): Total ETH behind stETH, validator balances reported by the oracle plus ETH buffered in the contract, from getTotalPooledEther() at the day's last block.
- **Active validators** (count): Validators with Lido withdrawal credentials that are active on the beacon chain at the latest epoch, across every module.
- **stETH yield, 7 days** (%): The annualized yield stETH holders received over the last seven days, from the change in ETH per share between two oracle reports, after Lido's fee.
- **Fees taken, 30 days** (ETH): stETH minted to node operators and the DAO treasury at the oracle reports of the last 30 days, valued in ETH at each report.
- **Rewards per oracle report** (ETH): Each report's rewards split into what stETH holders received, the operators' share and the treasury's share, with any loss shown below zero.
- **Deposits and withdrawals by day** (ETH): ETH deposited to Lido for new stETH and ETH paid out to finalized withdrawal requests, per day over the selected period.

### Node operators

Who runs Lido's validators, by module, operator and stVault.

- **Node operators** (count): Node operators with at least one active validator across Lido's modules, counting each Community Staking Module operator once.
- **Value in stVaults** (ETH): Total value of the stVaults connected to Lido V3, from the vault hub at the latest block, kept apart from the main pool.
- **Validators by module**: Active Lido validators split by module: curated, Simple DVT, Community Staking and stVaults, at the latest epoch.
- **Operators by active validators**: Each node operator with its module, its active and exited validators and its share of Lido's active validators.

Filters: Period (Last 30, 90 or 365 days).

## How it will be measured

- Pooled ETH is getTotalPooledEther() on the stETH contract at each day's last block, and stETH supply follows from getTotalShares() at the same block, so the two always agree.
- Rewards, penalties and fees come from each accounting oracle report: its TokenRebased and ETHDistributed events give the change in pooled ETH and the shares minted to fee recipients.
- Validators per module and per node operator are read from the Staking Router and each module's registry, with exited and stuck validators counted apart.
- stVault figures come from the Lido V3 vault hub: each connected vault's total value, its node operator and the stETH minted against it.

## Data it needs

- `lst_rates_daily` (to build): Exchange rates of liquid staking and restaking tokens (wstETH, rETH, cbETH, weETH and others) at day end, and the realized yield they imply.
- `token_supply_daily` (to build): Total supply of each registry token on each chain at day end: wrapped BTC, liquid staking tokens, tokenized assets and other tracked tokens.
- `eth_staking_daily` (to build): Active validators, ETH staked, deposits, withdrawals and the entry and exit queues on the Ethereum beacon chain, by day, with staking-provider labels where known.
- `protocol_revenue_daily` (to build): Fees users paid to each protocol and the part kept by the protocol or its token holders, per protocol and day, including buybacks.
- Source: stETH contract: getTotalPooledEther(), getTotalShares() and getBufferedEther() at day-end blocks
- Source: Accounting oracle report transactions with their TokenRebased and ETHDistributed events
- Source: Staking Router modules with their target shares and fees; each module's node operator registry
- Source: Lido V3 vault hub: connected vaults, their total value and the stETH minted against them
- Source: Community Staking Module accounting: bonds posted by node operators
- Source: Beacon chain balances of validators with Lido withdrawal credentials, checked against the oracle's reported total

## Questions

### What is stETH?

stETH is the token Lido issues for staked ETH. Its balance in every wallet grows once a day when the accounting oracle reports rewards, so one stETH tracks one staked ETH. wstETH wraps stETH into a token whose balance stays fixed while the stETH it can be unwrapped for grows.

### How does Lido choose node operators?

Through staking modules. The curated module holds operators approved by Lido governance, the Simple DVT module runs validators shared across clusters of operators and the Community Staking Module lets anyone join by posting a bond. The Staking Router sends new deposits to modules by their target shares.

### What fee does Lido charge?

Lido takes a share of staking rewards, set by its DAO, and splits it between node operators and the DAO treasury; deposits themselves are free. The fee is paid as new stETH shares minted at each oracle report, so the dashboard reads it from those reports instead of quoting the published rate.

### What are Lido stVaults?

stVaults arrived with Lido V3. Each one is a vault with its own node operator, where a staker or institution keeps its ETH and can mint stETH against it within limits the protocol sets. They sit beside Lido's main pool, so the dashboard shows their value separately.

### Can stETH balances go down?

Yes. If Lido's validators lose more to penalties or slashing in a reporting period than they earn, the oracle report lowers pooled ETH and every stETH balance falls with it. The rewards chart shows any such report as a bar below zero.

## Glossary

- **Rebase**: A change in every holder's token balance at once. stETH rebases at each oracle report, so balances follow the ETH Lido's validators hold.
- **Accounting oracle**: The set of Lido oracle members that report validator balances and withdrawals to the chain once a day, which triggers stETH's rebase.
- **Staking Router**: Lido's contract that splits new deposits among its staking modules and pays each module its part of the fee.
- **Community Staking Module**: Lido's permissionless module, where node operators post a bond that covers penalties before they run validators for the protocol.

## Related apps

- [stETH Withdrawal Queue: Lido Unstaking Wait Time](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/steth-withdrawal-queue)
- [Liquid Staking Market Share: stETH, weETH, rETH](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/liquid-staking-market-share)
- [stETH APR Compared With rETH, weETH and Other LSTs](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/steth-apr-liquid-staking-yields)
- [ETH Staking Market Share by Entity and Liquid Token](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-staking-market-share-by-entity)
- [Ethereum Staking Providers Compared: Fees, Tokens and Withdrawals](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-staking-providers-compared)
- [Total ETH Staked and Ethereum Staking Ratio](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/total-eth-staked)

Build it in Voltfin Studio: https://app.voltfincrypto.com/signup?next=%2F