# Ethereum

> Ethereum's fees, supply, staking and upgrades: gas, burn and issuance, validators and queues, blobs and the activity that settles on mainnet.

Markdown copy of https://voltfincrypto.com/topics/ethereum

Ethereum's fee market, supply and staking leave exact traces on the chain: the base fee in every block header, the ether burned with it, the validators that enter and leave, and the blobs layer 2s post for data. The apps here read them directly, so each figure can be traced to the block it came from.

Use them to time a transaction, to follow whether ether supply is growing or shrinking, or to watch how staking and blob demand change after an upgrade.

## Apps

- [Ethereum Gas Tracker](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-gas-tracker) (dashboard, planned): How much does an Ethereum transaction cost right now?
- [ETH Supply Tracker: Burn vs Issuance](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-supply-burn-vs-issuance) (dashboard, planned): Is ETH supply growing or shrinking right now, and how much ETH is burned versus issued per day?
- [Ethereum Validator Queue: Entry and Exit Wait Times](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-validator-queue) (dashboard, planned): How much ETH is waiting to enter or exit staking, and how many days is the wait right now?
- [Is ETH Deflationary? ETH Supply Since the Merge](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/is-eth-deflationary) (report, planned): Has ETH supply gone up or down since the Merge, and what changed after Dencun and Fusaka?
- [Ethereum Daily Transactions and Active Addresses](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-daily-transactions) (dashboard, planned): How many transactions and active addresses does Ethereum mainnet have per day?
- [Next Ethereum Upgrade: Glamsterdam Status and Fork History](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/next-ethereum-upgrade) (report, planned): What is the next Ethereum upgrade, what does it change and what did past forks change on chain?
- [ETH Transaction Fees by Action: Transfer, Swap, Bridge](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-transaction-fee-by-action) (table, planned): How much does it cost right now to send ETH, send a token, swap or bridge on Ethereum?
- [When Is ETH Gas Lowest? Gas Price by Hour and Day](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-gas-price-by-hour) (dashboard, planned): At what hour and on which weekday is Ethereum gas usually cheapest?
- [Ethereum Network Revenue: Daily Fees, Tips and Burn](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-network-revenue) (dashboard, planned): How much do users pay in fees on Ethereum per day, and how much of it is burned?
- [Ethereum Monthly Report: Fees, Supply, Staking and L2s](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-monthly-report) (report, planned): What changed on Ethereum this month in fees, supply, staking and layer 2 activity?
- [Ethereum Gas Limit Tracker: Block Gas Limit Over Time](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-gas-limit) (dashboard, planned): What is Ethereum's block gas limit now, and are validators pushing it higher?
- [EIP-7702 Adoption: Delegated EOAs and Top Contracts](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eip-7702-adoption) (dashboard, planned): How many accounts use EIP-7702 delegation, and which delegate contracts do they point to?
- [Ethereum Block Builders: Market Share of Blocks](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-block-builders) (dashboard, planned): Which builders produce the most Ethereum blocks, and how concentrated is block building?
- [ENS Domains: .eth Names Registered, Renewed and Expiring](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ens-domain-registrations) (dashboard, planned): How many .eth names are registered and renewed each day, what do registrants pay and how many names are about to expire?
- [ETH Burn Leaderboard: Top Contracts by ETH Burned](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-burn-leaderboard) (table, planned): Which contracts burned the most ETH in base fees and blob fees over the last day, week and month?
- [ERC-4337 Account Abstraction: UserOps and Paymasters](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/erc-4337-account-abstraction) (dashboard, planned): How many ERC-4337 UserOperations run each day on each chain, and how much of their gas do paymasters sponsor?
- [Ethereum Gas Guzzlers: Contracts That Use the Most Gas](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-gas-guzzlers) (table, planned): Which contracts use the most gas on Ethereum, counting the calls they receive from other contracts?
- [Multicall3, Permit2 and EntryPoint Addresses by Chain](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/multicall3-permit2-entrypoint-addresses) (table, planned): Is Multicall3, Permit2 or an ERC-4337 EntryPoint deployed on a given chain, at its usual address and with the expected code?
- [Total ETH Staked and Ethereum Staking Ratio](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/total-eth-staked) (dashboard, planned): How much ETH is staked right now, and what percentage of total supply is that?
- [Solana vs Ethereum: Fees, Activity and Revenue](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/solana-vs-ethereum) (report, planned): How do Solana and Ethereum compare on fees, activity and revenue this month?
- [Ethereum ETF Flows: Daily Inflows and Outflows](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-etf-flows) (dashboard, planned): How much money flowed into or out of spot Ethereum ETFs today and this week?
- [ETH Staking APR: Validator Rewards and Yield](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-staking-apr) (dashboard, planned): What annual yield does ETH staking pay right now, split into issuance, priority fees and MEV?
- [Ethereum TPS: Mainnet and Layer 2 Transactions per Second](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-tps) (dashboard, planned): How many transactions per second do Ethereum and its layer 2s process right now, in total and per chain?
- [Ethereum Layer 2 List Ranked by Activity, Fees and Value](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-layer-2-list) (table, planned): Which Ethereum layer 2s are the largest by transactions, users, fees and value locked?
- [ETH Rich List: Top Ethereum Addresses by Balance](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-rich-list) (table, planned): Which Ethereum addresses hold the most ETH right now?
- [Ethereum L2 Fees Compared: Cost per Transaction](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-l2-fees) (dashboard, planned): Which Ethereum layer 2 is cheapest for a transfer or a swap right now?
- [ETH Liquidation Levels on DeFi Lending Markets](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-liquidation-levels) (dashboard, planned): At what ETH price would large amounts of DeFi lending collateral be liquidated?
- [Crypto Quantum Risk Report: Bitcoin and Ethereum Keys](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/crypto-quantum-risk-report) (report, planned): How much crypto is exposed to a future quantum attack today, on Bitcoin and on Ethereum?
- [Ethereum Treasury Companies: Corporate ETH Holdings](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-treasury-companies) (table, planned): Which public companies hold the most ETH, and what share of the supply do they hold?
- [Ethereum L2 TVL: Value Locked in Rollup Bridges](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-l2-tvl) (dashboard, planned): How much value is locked on each Ethereum layer 2, and how much of it sits in canonical bridges on Ethereum?
- [Ethereum ETF Holdings by Issuer, Fees and Staking](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-etf-holdings) (table, planned): How much ETH does each spot Ethereum ETF hold, and which funds stake their ETH?
- [Ethereum Blob Fees and Blobs per Block vs Target](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-blob-fees) (dashboard, planned): How many blobs are used per block versus the target, and what does a blob cost right now?
- [L2 Profitability: Fees Earned vs Costs Paid to Ethereum](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/l2-profitability) (dashboard, planned): How much does each Ethereum layer 2 earn from user fees, and how much does it pay Ethereum?
- [Top Ethereum L2s: Monthly League Table of Rollups](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/top-ethereum-l2s-monthly) (report, planned): Which Ethereum layer 2s grew or shrank the most this month by activity, fees and value locked?
- [Lido Staking Tracker: stETH, Node Operators and Fees](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/lido-staking-tracker) (dashboard, planned): How much ETH does Lido stake, which node operators run it and what fee does Lido take?
- [Ethereum Staking Providers Compared: Fees, Tokens and Withdrawals](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-staking-providers-compared) (table, planned): How do Ethereum staking providers compare on fees, tokens and withdrawal times?
- [Shiba Inu Burn Tracker: SHIB Burned by Day and Source](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/shiba-inu-burn-tracker) (dashboard, planned): How much SHIB has been burned, and how much is burned each day?
- [Spot Crypto ETF List: Every Bitcoin, Ether, SOL and XRP Fund](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/spot-crypto-etf-list) (table, planned): Which spot crypto ETFs exist, which assets do they hold, what do they charge and who holds their coins?
- [EVM Chain List: Chain IDs, Native Tokens and RPC Support](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/evm-chain-list) (table, planned): What is the chain ID and native token of each EVM chain, and which RPC methods do its public endpoints support?
- [L2 Bridge Flows: Net Deposits from Ethereum by Chain](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/l2-bridge-flows) (dashboard, planned): Which layer 2s are gaining or losing assets through their canonical bridges with Ethereum?
- [L2 Withdrawal Times to Ethereum by Rollup](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/l2-withdrawal-times) (dashboard, planned): How long does a native withdrawal from each layer 2 to Ethereum take right now?
- [Rocket Pool Tracker: rETH, Minipools, Megapools and Node Operators](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/rocket-pool-reth-tracker) (dashboard, planned): How much ETH runs through Rocket Pool, and how much of it do node operators bond themselves?
- [ether.fi Staking: eETH and weETH Supply, Validators and Withdrawals](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/etherfi-eeth-weeth-tracker) (dashboard, planned): How much ETH backs eETH and weETH, and how much of it is still restaked?
- [ETH Staking Market Share by Entity and Liquid Token](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-staking-market-share-by-entity) (table, planned): Which entities and liquid staking protocols control the largest shares of staked ETH?
- [EIP-7702 Delegation Checker: Is Your Wallet Delegated?](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eip-7702-delegation-checker) (dashboard, planned): Is this wallet delegated under EIP-7702 on any chain, and does its delegate contract sweep incoming funds?
- [Tornado Cash Tracker: Deposits, Withdrawals and Anonymity Sets](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/tornado-cash-tracker) (dashboard, planned): How much flows into and out of Tornado Cash pools, and how much of it comes from addresses tied to hacks?
- [Gas Spent Calculator: Total Fees Paid by a Wallet](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/gas-spent-calculator) (table, planned): How much has this wallet paid in gas fees on each chain, and in each year?
- [ETH Exchange Reserves: Ether Held on Exchanges and Netflow](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/eth-exchange-reserves) (dashboard, planned): How much ETH do exchanges hold, what share of the ETH supply is that and is it flowing in or out?
- [MEV Sandwich Attacks by Chain: Monthly Losses](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/mev-sandwich-attacks-by-chain) (report, planned): How many sandwich attacks happened this month on each chain, and how much value did they take from traders?
- [Crypto ETF Monthly Report: Flows, Holdings and Launches](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/crypto-etf-monthly-report) (report, planned): How much money flowed into or out of spot crypto ETFs this month, by asset and fund, and how much crypto do they hold?
- [Staking Monthly Report: ETH, SOL and Proof-of-Stake Networks](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/staking-monthly-report) (report, planned): How did staking change this month: how much ETH and SOL is staked, how long are the queues and what are stakers earning?
- [Ethereum Blob Usage by Rollup: Blobs and Fees Paid](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/ethereum-blob-usage-by-rollup) (table, planned): Which rollups post the most blobs to Ethereum, and how much do they pay for them?
- [ZK Proving Markets: Proof Requests and Prover Rewards](https://voltfincrypto.com/apps/zk-proving-markets) (dashboard, planned): How many ZK proofs are bought on decentralized proving markets, what do they cost and what do provers earn?